Analisis Spasial Kerentanan Banjir dan Longsor di Kabupaten Banyuwangi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21067/jpig.v6i1.5323Keywords:
kerentanan, banjir, longsor, banyuwangi, analisis spasialAbstract
Banjir dan longsor merupakan bencana yang sering terjadi pada wilayah tropis. Curah hujan yang tinggi dengan disertai material vulkanik muda menjadi pemicu meningkatnya bencana tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bencana banjir dan longsor secara spasial. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei. Data dianalisis dengan pembobotan dan skoring serta dilakukan analisis spasial untuk longsor dengan metode overlay yang meliputi parameter litologi, penggunaan lahan, curah hujan, dan kemiringan lereng. Data dianalisis dengan pembobotan dan skoring serta dilakukan analisis spasial untuk banjir dengan metode overlay yang meliputi parameter litologi, penggunaan lahan, curah hujan, dan jenis tanah. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa wilayah Banyuwangi memiliki kerentanan tinggi terhadap longsor berada di wilayah dataran tinggi hingga pegunungan dengan litologi didominasi oleh batuan vulkanik muda, sementara banjir mayoritas terjadi di dataran dengan litologi aluvium. Karakteristik batuan vulkanik muda akan menghasilkan tanah vulkanik yang rentan jenuh air, sedangkan aluvium relatif mampu menahan air sehingga memicu banjir.
Floods and landslides are disasters that often occur in tropical regions. High rainfall accompanied by young volcanic materials has triggered the increase in the disaster. This study aims to spatially analyze floods and landslides. The research method used was a survey. Data were analyzed by weighting and scoring and spatial analysis was carried out for landslides with an overlay method which included parameters of lithology, land use, rainfall, and slope. Data were analyzed by weighting and scoring and spatial analysis was carried out for flooding with an overlay method that included parameters of lithology, land use, rainfall, and soil type. The results show that the Banyuwangi region has a high susceptibility to landslides in the highlands to the mountains where the lithology is dominated by young volcanic rocks, while the majority of floods occur in plains with alluvium lithology. Characteristics of young volcanic rocks will produce volcanic soils that are prone to water saturation, while alluvium is relatively able to hold water, triggering flooding.
Keywords: vulnerability, flood, landslide, Banyuwangi, spatial analysis
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