Kajian Konsep Modalities of Constraint Terhadap Pencegahan Konten Hate Speech sebagai Cybercrime di Indonesia
Main Article Content
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the prevention of hate speech crimes which are disseminated through various public facilities through the perspective of the Modalities of Constraint concept, this research also examines Indonesia's position in interpreting freedom of expression. This study uses a normative juridical research method with a concept approach and statutory approach. The results of this study are (1) Indonesia adheres to the view of Freedom speech as liberty with restrictions on the content of the speech that is conveyed must not conflict with the unity and integrity principles. (2) Based on the four aspects of the Modalities of Constraint concept, Indonesia in its position to prevent hate speech crimes has a strong legal substance; it has norms of unity and gotong royong in society; it has adapted to the development of social media platforms; it already has a precise and measurable prevention pattern.
Article Details
References
Bejan, T. M. (2019). Two Concepts Of Freedom (Of Speech). Proceedings Of The American Philosophical Society, 163(2), 95–107.
Christianto, H. (2020). Norma Persatuan Sebagai Batasan Perbuatan Pidana Penyebaran Ujaran Kebencian Melalui Internet. Veritas Et Justitia, 6(1), 94–126. Https://Doi.Org/10.25123/Vej.3501
Dennis, M. A. (2019). Cybercrime. Encyclopedia Britannica. Https://Www.Britannica.Com/Topic/Cybercrime
Fajar, M., & Achmad, Y. (2019). Dualisme Penelitian Hukum Normatif Dan Empiris. Pustaka Pelajar.
Ferdina, V., Jacinda, I., & Jesica, N. (2019). Penegakkan Hukum Terhadap Pelecehan Seksual Melalui Teknologi Informasi (Cyber) Ditinjau Dari Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang - Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi Dan Transaksi Elektronik. Jurnal Panorama Hukum, 4(2), 89–101. Https://Doi.Org/10.21067/Jph.V4i2.2732
Foster, S. (2019). Accommodating Intolerant Speech : Religious Free Speech Versus Equality And Diversity. European Human Rights Law Review, 6, 609–625.
Garvey, J. H. (2016). Two Aspects Of Liberty. Notre Dame Law Review, 91(4), 1287–1300.
Gavaghan, C. (2017). Lex Machina: Techno-Regulatory Mechanisms And Rules By Design. Otago Law Review, 15(1), 123–145.
Jiow, H. J. (2013). Cyber Crime In Singapore: An Analysis Of Regulation Based On Lessig’s Four Modalities Of Constraint. International Journal Of Cyber Criminology, 7(1), 18–27.
Kardiyasa, I. M., Dewi, A. A. S. L., & Karma, N. M. S. (2020). Sanksi Pidana Terhadap Ujaran Kebencian (Hate Speech). Jurnal Analogi Hukum, 2(1), 78–82. Https://Doi.Org/10.22225/Ah.2.1.1627.78-82
Machmudin, D., & Pratama, B. (2016). Some Of Indonesian Cyber Law Problems. Journal Of Physics: Conference Series, 755(1). Https://Doi.Org/10.1088/1742-6596/755/1/011001
Miró-Llinares, F., & Moneva, A. (2019). What About Cyberspace (And Cybercrime Alongside It)? A Reply To Farrell And Birks “Did Cybercrime Cause The Crime Drop?†Crime Science, 8(1), 1–5. Https://Doi.Org/10.1186/S40163-019-0107-Y
Nur Azmi, R. H. (2020). Indonesian Cyber Law Formulation In The Development Of National Laws In 4.0 Era. Lex Scientia Law Review, 4(1), 49–62. Https://Doi.Org/10.15294/Lesrev.V4i1.38109
Nursita, R. D. (2019). Cyberspace: Perdebatan, Problematika, Serta Pendekatan Baru Dalam Tata Kelola Global. Dauliyah Journal Of Islamic And International Affairs, 4(1), 80–99. Https://Ejournal.Unida.Gontor.Ac.Id/Index.Php/Dauliyah/Article/View/2934
Ongku, M. (2021). Ham Dan Kebebasan Berpendapat Dalam Uud 1945. Al Wasath Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 2(1), 29–40.
Oropeza Mendoza, D. K. (2017). The Vulnerability Of Cyberspace - The Cyber Crime. Journal Of Forensic Sciences & Criminal Investigation, 2(1). Https://Doi.Org/10.19080/Jfsci.2017.02.555576
Parera, Z., & Silambi, E. D. (2018). Penegakan Hukum Pidana Terhadap Kejahatan Ujaran Kebencian ( Hate Speech ) Melalui Media Sosial ( Di Tinjau Dari Uu Ri No.19 Tahun 2016 Tentang Perubahan Atas Uu No.11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi Dan Transaksi Elektronik) The. Jurnal Restorative Justice, 2(19), 160–176.
Pasaribu, R. G. M., & Wulan, G. A. (2020). Pencegahan Kejahatan Ujaran Kebencian Di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Kepolisian, 14(3), 170–188.
Renyaan, R. (2022). Understanding The Effectiveness Of Law Of Indonesia ’ S Electronic Information And Transactions : A Study On The Existence Of Negative Buzzers On Social Media. International Journal Of Multicultural And Multireligious, 9(10), 202–211.
Ro’is, N. (2022). Cyber Sovereignty Gotong Royong, Indonesia’a Way Of Dealing With The Challenges Of Global Cyber Sovereignty. Pancasila And Law Review, 3(1), 15–30.
Ruismäki, A. (2022). Applying Lessig ’ S Pathetic Dot Theory On Regulation Of Digital Video Game Distribution Platforms. Hanken School Of Economics.
Sakban, A., & Bidaya, Z. (2021). Desain Pola Integrasi Cyber Dalam Mengurangi Kejahatan Cyberbullying. Civicus : Pendidikan-Penelitian-Pengabdian Pendidikan Pancasila Dan Kewarganegaraan, 9(1), 38. Https://Doi.Org/10.31764/Civicus.V9i1.5815
Sharief, E. H., Hawasara, W., & Sinaulan, R. L. (2021). Hate Speech Through Social Media In Indonesia: Based On Space Transition Theory In Cyber Criminology. International Seminar Welcoming The Society 5.0 With Writing Literacy Acceleration, 1, 337–345.
Soomro, T. R., & Hussain, M. (2019). Social Media-Related Cybercrimes And Techniques For Their Prevention. Applied Computer Systems, 24(1), 9–17. Https://Doi.Org/10.2478/Acss-2019-0002
Strossen, N. (2016). Freedom Of Speech And Equality: Do We Have To Choose? Journal Of Law And Policy, 25(1), 185–225.